It is possible to change default value of existing params.
<?php
add_action('vc_after_init', function() {
$newParamData = array(
'type' => 'textfield',
'heading' => __( 'Image size', 'js_composer' ),
'param_name' => 'img_size',
'value' => 'full', // New default value
'description' => __( 'Enter image size (Example: "thumbnail", "medium", "large", "full" or other sizes defined by theme). Alternatively enter size in pixels (Example: 200x100 (Width x Height)).', 'js_composer' ),
'dependency' => array(
'element' => 'source',
'value' => array( 'media_library', 'featured_image' ),
),
);
vc_update_shortcode_param( 'vc_single_image', $newParamData );
}
);